Displaying 51 - 60 out of 483 matching injury records.
| Submitted By | Jerome Nsajju |
| Submitted On | Tuesday, February 17th, 2009 @ 06:37:22 PST -0800 |
| Article Publication Year | 2008 |
| Visit Journal Web Site | www.bioline.org.br |
| View Full Article | www.bioline.org.br |
| Author And Journal Reference |
Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda G. Ruhinda P. Kyamanywa D. Kitya F. Bajunirwe East and Central African Journal of Surgery, Vol. 13, No. 2, Aug/Sept 2008, pp. 29-36 |
| Related Countries | Uganda |
| Cause Of Injury | V01-Y98 |
| Nature Of Injury | S30-S39 |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Trauma poses a major public health challenge in Africa. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence, patterns and predisposing factors of abdominal injury in Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH). METHODS: A standard questionnaire was used to record the patterns, type and predisposing factors of injuries. All patients admitted to Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) with a diagnosis of abdominal injury over the study period made the study population. RESULTS: Abdominal trauma accounted for 14.23% of the 836 trauma admissions seen over the study period. Fifty two percent of the injuries had been sustained on the road. Males were five times more than females and the age range was 3-88 years, with a mode of 27 years. Blunt trauma accounted for 85.71% of abdominal injury, the spleen was injured in 43.7% and fractures were associated in 27.7%. Most patients (68.9 %) were managed non-operatively. CONCLUSION: Blunt abdominal injury was the commonest pattern of injury (85.7%). Abdominal trauma is a common emergency at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital accounting for 14.23% of admissions due to injury. Most injuries are a result of road traffic crushes (47.1%) and assault. Alcohol consumption is a major predisposing factor. Peasants are more predisposed to abdominal injuries. Non-operative management of hemoperitoneum is safe in hemodynamically stable patients. |
| Submitted By | Jerome Nsajju |
| Submitted On | Tuesday, February 17th, 2009 @ 04:44:51 PST -0800 |
| Article Publication Year | 2008 |
| Visit Journal Web Site | www.bioline.org.br |
| View Full Article | www.bioline.org.br |
| Author And Journal Reference |
E. Agbakwuru A. Akinkuolie O. Sowande O. Adisa O. Alatise U. Onakpoya O. Uhumwango A. Adesukanmi East and Central African Journal of Surgery, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2008, pp. 95-100 |
| Related Countries | Nigeria |
| Cause Of Injury | V01-Y98 |
| Nature Of Injury | S30-S39 |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: The management of splenic injury has changed dramatically over the last two decades. The objective of this study is to evaluate splenic injuries in our community and factors affecting the outcome of treatment modalities. METHODS: A prospective descriptive study of 73 patients treated for splenic injuries in our surgical unit between 1991 and 2006 was carried out. Data were collected on the nature of their injuries, treatment modalities and their outcome. All the data were analyzed using SPSS 13 software for windows. RESULTS: The ages ranged from 3 to 65 with a mean of 24.2 years. Seventy of these patients sustained their injuries from blunt trauma and road traffic accidents accounted for 55 cases. Forty of these patients sustained isolated splenic injury while the remaining thirty-three were multiply injured. Majority of our patients (93.8%) were treated operatively Fifty-three (72.6%) of the 73 patients had splenectomy and twenty (27.4%) had splenic preservation. Post operative complications were recorded in sixteen patients. There were eight deaths all occurring in multiply injured. CONCLUSION: Only 6.8% the patients had non-operative management. Factors that significantly affected patients' recovery and good outcome were: age of the patient, cause of injury, accident and emergency systolic blood pressure, intra-operative blood transfusion and the amount of haemoperitoneum. Vehicular motor accident remains the commonest cause of splenic injury in our community with high rate of associated injuries and the need for inter-specialty care of these patients. |
| Submitted By | Jerome Nsajju |
| Submitted On | Tuesday, February 17th, 2009 @ 04:33:39 PST -0800 |
| Article Publication Year | 2008 |
| Visit Journal Web Site | www.bioline.org.br |
| View Full Article | www.bioline.org.br |
| Author And Journal Reference |
Kigali University Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda E. Twagirayezu R. Teteli A. Bonane E. Rugwizangoga East and Central African Journal of Surgery, Vol. 13, No. 1, Mar/Apr 2008, pp. 73-76 |
| Related Countries | Rwanda |
| Cause Of Injury | V01-V99 |
| Nature Of Injury | S00-T19 |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Injury and deaths due to road traffic crashes are a major public health problem in developing countries. More than 3000 people die on the world's roads every day. Tens of millions of people are injured or disabled every year. Children, pedestrians, cyclists and the elderly are among the most vulnerable of road users. More than 85% of all deaths and 90% of disability adjusted life years lost from road traffic injuries occur in developing countries. Road traffic injuries in developing countries particularly affect the productive (working) age group (15-44 years) and children. Among children aged 0-4 and 5-14 years, the number of fatalities per 100 000 population in low income countries was about six times greater than in high income countries in 1998. Police data for Rwanda has revealed a decline in the number of road traffic accidents. This reduction in number of RTA has been attributed to the vigilance of Traffic Police, This study was aimed at determining the pattern of road traffic injuries seen at Kigali. METHODS: This was a retrospective descriptive study done at Kigali Central University Teaching Hospital in the Department of Emergence and in the Trauma hospitalization wards. Records of all cases of road traffic injuries were retrieved and studied.Data collected was filled in a standard form in which data obtained was recorded. Parameters studied included the age, sex, place of residence, province of origin, means of transport used. RESULTS: Of the 1101 road traffic accident victims, 558 (50.7%) were in the 16 to 30 age group. Only 7.2% of the cases were aged 46 years and above with only 21 (1.9%) being above 60 years. Table 3 shows the socio-demographic findings among patients with road traffic injuries seen at Kigali University Teaching Hospital (CHUK). There was a predominance of males accounting for 78.7% with a male to female ratio of 3.7: 1. Most patients (90.2% were residents of Kigali city. Most patients came to CHUK without going... [more] |
| Submitted By | Semhal Kidane |
| Submitted On | Thursday, July 31st, 2008 @ 06:26:33 PDT -0700 |
| Article Publication Year | 1999 |
| Visit Journal Web Site | www.who.int |
| View Full Article | whqlibdoc.who.int |
| Author And Journal Reference |
Department of Surgery and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA Mock CN Cummings P Koepsell TD Department of Surgery, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana Abantanga F World Health Organization Bulletin, 1999 77(12) 955-964 |
| Related Countries | Ghana |
| Cause Of Injury | V01-Y98 |
| Nature Of Injury | S00-T98 |
| Abstract | Injury is an increasingly significant health problem in most low-income countries. However, strategies for preventing injury have not been well addressed. The present study was carried out to measure the incidence and outcome of various mechanisms of injury in Ghana in order to provide data for use in developing priorities for injury prevention efforts. For this purpose, using two-stage cluster sampling and household interviews, we surveyed 21,105 persons living in 431 urban and rural sites. During the preceding year, 1609 injuries resulting in one or more days of loss of normal activity were reported. Injury-related mortality was slightly higher in the urban (83 per 100,000) than in the rural area (53 per 100,000). However, the burden of disability from nonfatal injuries, as assessed by disability days, was higher in the rural (4697 disability days per 1000 person-years) than in the urban area (2671 days per 1000 person-years). Based on incidence rates and disability times, the major types of injury in the urban area were transport-related injury and falls. In the rural area, agricultural injuries predominated, followed by falls and transport-related injury. In rural and urban areas combined, 73% of motor vehicle-related injuries involved commercial vehicles. In this and other similar developing-country settings, injury prevention efforts should focus on falls and on transport safety in both urban and rural areas, with special attention being paid to commercial vehicles. In rural areas, agricultural injuries contributed the largest burden of morbidity, and should be a priority for prevention efforts. |
| Submitted By | Semhal Kidane |
| Submitted On | Thursday, July 31st, 2008 @ 05:07:22 PDT -0700 |
| Article Publication Year | 1999 |
| Visit Journal Web Site | www.ingentaconnect.com |
| View Full Article | Invalid URL specified |
| Author And Journal Reference |
Dept. of Surgery, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria E. Ameh P. Nmadu Annals of Tropical Paediatrics: International Child Health, Sept 1999 Vol. 19 Iss. 3 Pgs. 293-6 |
| Related Countries | Nigeria |
| Cause Of Injury | V01-Y98 |
| Nature Of Injury | S30-S39 |
| Abstract | This is a report of a retrospective study of 24 children managed for penetrating abdominal injury over 10 years, and it represents 34% of all abdominal injuries in children in that period. Falls onto sharp objects within and around the home were responsible for ten of the injuries, seven were injured by animal horns and four were sporting injuries. Violence and road traffic accidents were uncommon. Most patients (67%) had evisceration of omentum or intestine, and one of these was found at laparotomy to have a jejuno-jejunal intussusception. Seven children had injury to hollow viscera. There were three deaths, one each from overwhelming sepsis, tetanus and haemorrhage. |
| Submitted By | Semhal Kidane |
| Submitted On | Wednesday, July 30th, 2008 @ 01:44:00 PDT -0700 |
| Article Publication Year | 2001 |
| Visit Journal Web Site | www.ingentaconnect.com |
| Author And Journal Reference |
Paediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria Emmanuel Ameh Annals of Tropical Paediatrics, Sept 2001 Vol. 21 No. 3 pgs. 273-5 |
| Related Countries | Nigeria |
| Cause Of Injury | X85-Y09 |
| Nature Of Injury | S30-S39 |
| Abstract | Ano-rectal injuries in children are generally uncommon, and those caused by sexual abuse are rarely reported in our environment. This is a report of two children aged 5 and 12 years who sustained anal injuries following anal sexual abuse. Both presented late with fissure-in-ano and were managed conservatively. Though fissure-in-ano is not uncommon in children, it might be necessary to exclude sexual abuse and undertake appropriate evaluation and treatment. The child must be protected from further abuse. |
| Submitted By | Marunga Iryne |
| Submitted On | Friday, June 13th, 2008 @ 01:55:58 PDT -0700 |
| Article Publication Year | 2004 |
| Visit Journal Web Site | www.unisa.ac.za |
| View Full Article | www.unisa.ac.za |
| Author And Journal Reference |
Department of International Health and Centre for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA A. Hyder K. Kashyap S. Fishman S. Wali African Safety Promotion: A Journal of Injury and Violence Prevention, Vol. 2, Iss. 2, 2004 pgs.43-58 |
| Related Countries | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Cause Of Injury | X00-X09 X10-X19 |
| Nature Of Injury | T20-T32 |
| Abstract | INTRODUCTION: Burn injuries constitute a substantial proportion of the total burden of injuries among children in low- and middle-income countries, yet research into causes and potential interventions in such settings is scarce. Children under five years of age represent the highest risk category for burn injury. This paper reviews the published literature to estimate the incidence and mortality due to burns and to develop an epidemiological profile of burn injuries among children 0-4 years of age in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: English-language articles published between 1980 and 2003 relating to burn injuries in Africa were identified through PubMed. Studies that provided data on burn injuries in children below five years of age were reviewed. Individual study results were averaged to estimate incidence and mortality, case-fatality ratio, and proportion of hospital admissions due to burns. RESULTS: Forty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Approximately 56 percent of paediatric burn injuries occurred in the 0-4 year age group, and burns represented up to 18 percent of total hospital admissions. The incidence of burns among children 0-4 years ranged 0.28 to 16.3 percent per year. The mean and weighted mean case-fatality ratios were 17.3 and 11 percent, respectively. DISCUSSION: The range of reported incidence rates suggest 300,257 to 17,479,262 burn cases annually among African children under five years of age. Assuming a mean case-fatality ratio of 6-10 percent this suggests at least 18,000 to 30,000 burn deaths annually. Economic, environmental, and behavioural factors are important risk determinants, and effective medical services remain inaccessible to victims. |
| Submitted By | Semhal Kidane |
| Submitted On | Monday, May 26th, 2008 @ 02:32:14 PDT -0700 |
| Article Publication Year | 2008 |
| Visit Journal Web Site | mail.thefoundation-tz.org |
| Author And Journal Reference |
Tanzania Children's Road Traffic Association, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Josiah Matagane |
| Related Countries | Tanzania |
| Cause Of Injury | V80-V89 |
| Nature Of Injury | S00-T19 |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: This paper discusses the Highway Safety management Systems, its objective, components, requirements and its importance in the reduction and severity of traffic accidents. METHODS: To reduce the number of traffic accidents, developing countries have been implementing several activities, including vehicle inspection, spped limits, and commercial vehicle weight control and road safety week. Despite such efforts made by developing nations, the number and severity of traffic accidents are increasing drastically. In addition the study on Highways Safety Management Systems for Developing Nations, carried out in 2006, revealed that no developing country was implementing any formal Highway Safety Managment System to curb the alarming situation of traffic accidents. RESULT: While developing countries are facing the challenge of death due to traffic accidents, developed nations have managed to reverse the situation through highway safety management practices. For instance, several states in the United States of America are implementing Highway Safety Management Systems. In the Great Britain and Australia, Road Safety Audit is practiced, while in Japan, road Traffic Management is practiced to address highway safety. CONCLUSION: This paper is also discussing three major aspects of Highway Safety Management Systems. First, key issue related to the four safety elements: Engineering, Enforcement, Education and Emergency Medical Service. Second, road safety problems as related to the three aspects of roadway systems: road users (motorized and non-motorized traffic), vehicle, and roadway. Third, the importance of establishing coordination and communication mechanisms, among organizations, ministries and agencies dealing with highway safety. |
| Submitted By | Semhal Kidane |
| Submitted On | Thursday, May 22nd, 2008 @ 03:11:18 PDT -0700 |
| Article Publication Year | 1985 |
| Visit Journal Web Site | www3.interscience.wiley.com |
| Author And Journal Reference |
Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Umea, Sweden L. Jacobsson Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Jun 1985 Vol. 71 Iss. 6 Pgs. 601-607 |
| Related Countries | Ethiopia |
| Cause Of Injury | X85-Y09 |
| Nature Of Injury | S00-T98 |
| Abstract | The present study describes 316 consecutive cases of deliberately inflicted injuries attending a general hospital in western Ethiopia. One third of the cases concerned economic conflicts about land, cattle, etc., one third interpersonal conflicts in the family, between neighbours, etc., and one third were alcoholically intoxicated people who had been in a fight for no apparent reason. The incidence of homicide was estimated to be at least 5 - 12 per 100,000 inhabitants per year, which is somewhat high. The role of psychiatric disorders seems to be very limited. The most serious conflicts occurred in rural areas and were economic in nature. As this investigation was made during the imperial, feudal period, it allows a comparison to be made with the new conditions after the revolutionary changes in the economic system. |
| Submitted By | Semhal Kidane |
| Submitted On | Wednesday, May 14th, 2008 @ 04:58:52 PDT -0700 |
| Article Publication Year | 2005 |
| Visit Journal Web Site | www.europeantrauma.net |
| Author And Journal Reference |
Departments of Anatomy & surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Kenya Hassan Saidi Clinical Epidemiology Unit and Department of Pediatrics & Childhealth, University of Nairobi, Kenya William Macharia Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Nairobi, Kenya John Ating'a European Journal of Trauma, Vol. 31, Iss. 4, pgs. 401-406 |
| Related Countries | Kenya |
| Cause Of Injury | V80-V89 |
| Nature Of Injury | S00-T19 |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: The developing world continues to experience a disproportionate burden of injury. About one half of injury deaths are due to motor vehicle collisions. Road traffic fatalities per 10,000 vehicles are ten to 20 times higher in Africa compared to Europe. PATIENTS AND METHOD: 233 patients were consecutively analyzed. Injury acuity was determined by calculating Injury Severity Scores (ISS) for each patient. Information on the care and treatment outcome was obtained from patient interviews, case notes and discharge summaries. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 10.0 statistical software. RESULTS: Injury accounted for 48.8% of all emergency hospitalizations into the surgical units. Injury due to traffic comprised a third (31%) of trauma admissions. Injuries to the limbs were predominant (54%). Acuity ranged from ISS 1 to 43. The mean ISS was 8.78. Major injury (ISS > 15) constituted 13% of all the admissions. Operating room resources were utilized in 52% of the patients (major operations were performed in 12% of this group). The overall complication rate was 12.0%. Although the overall mortality amounted to 6%, mortality was 35.6% amongst those with major injury. It was also higher with associated head injury, pedestrian injury and weekend injury. CONCLUSION: The overall trauma acuity was moderate injury. Mortality escalated to 35% for major injury. There is need to explore the factors contributing to this high mortality and a system of care that can optimize outcome. |
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